STRUCTURE OF ATOM

An electron can exhibit wave nature when it is situated in the following circumstances. a) In a background from radio waves to gamma rays. b) In a varying electric or magnetic field. c) When an electron is accelerated by electric or magnetic fields (attraction or repulsion) and by a radioactive nucleus (beta ray).

We know that, in an isolated- non-radioactive atom, there are two types of forces acting on its electrons. They are, attraction from the nucleus and repulsion between electrons (in hydrogen atom, attraction from the nucleus only). But, these forces alone cannot create constant motion in electrons and so there is no any wave nature for electrons. Since there is no motion, there must be an additional force acting, which prevents the electrons from falling into the nucleus.

Volume of atoms and elastic nature of atoms [for example, 1. gas atoms move randomly in high speed and bounce back when they collide with other atoms or its container, 2. the capacity of a material to store thermal energy (oscillation and collision between atoms)] indicate that the nucleus of an atom is surrounded by a form of elastic matter. I name this matter as ‘space matter’. So the ‘additional force’ mentioned is the buoyant force exhibited by space matter that prevents the innermost electrons of an atom from falling into the nucleus. For the electrons other than one nearest to the nucleus, repulsion with the electrons in the inner region as well as the buoyant force exerted by space matter, keep the electrons in an atom in its respective positions.


Main points discussed in this book
1) The space inside of an atom is filled with space matter.
2) Electron has electric field and magnetic field in right angle regardless of any kind of its motions.
3) Wave- particle duality is a wrong concept.
4) In non-excited state, electrons in an atom have no any motions.
5) The magnetic field created by a permanent magnet is caused by the alignment of motionless electrons.
6) Oscillation of one field (electric/magnetic) in space creates no other field.
7) Light is oscillating magnetic lines.
8) Releasing of energy in a chemical or nuclear reaction is due to the releasing/expansion/explosion of space matter.
9) Only bond making reactions release energy and all bond braking reactions absorb energy. This principle is applicable for both chemical and nuclear reactions.